County of johnson

History & Founding

Located in the heart of Wyoming, this county occupies a vast expanse of the state’s northern region. Established in 1890, it was named in honor of Leland Stanford, a former Governor of California and a pivotal figure in the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad. The railroad’s arrival was instrumental in the area's settlement and development, drawing ranchers and homesteaders to the previously sparsely populated landscape. Prior to its official designation, the region was part of the Bighorn Basin and saw considerable activity related to the Johnson County War in 1892, a violent conflict between large ranchers and smaller settlers over grazing rights and land ownership. This tumultuous period significantly shaped the county’s early identity and left a lasting impact on its social fabric. An interesting anecdote from this era recounts the attempted kidnapping of local cattleman Angus McDonald by a group of ranchers seeking to enforce their control – a dramatic event that further fueled the tensions of the war.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is defined by its rugged beauty and expansive wilderness. Situated within the Bighorn Mountains and the Bighorn Basin, it encompasses a diverse terrain of rolling plains, steep canyons, and towering peaks. The North Platte River and its tributaries, including the Shoshone River, carve their way through the landscape, providing vital water resources. The elevation ranges dramatically, from around 5,000 feet in the basin to over 13,000 feet in the Bighorn Mountains. Summers are generally warm and dry, while winters are long, cold, and snowy. The climate is considered semi-arid, with significant temperature fluctuations between day and night. Notable natural features include the scenic Tensleep Canyon and the expansive Bighorn National Forest, offering opportunities for recreation and exploration.

Economy & Communities

The county’s economy is rooted in agriculture and natural resources. Buffalo, the county seat, and Sheridan are the primary towns, serving as commercial and service centers for the surrounding rural areas. Ranching remains a significant economic driver, with cattle and sheep production being important industries. While agriculture continues to play a role, tourism is increasingly important, attracting visitors seeking outdoor recreation like hunting, fishing, hiking, and snowmobiling. Small-scale manufacturing and service industries also contribute to the local economy. Notable employers include ranches, tourism-related businesses, and government agencies. The overall character of the area is distinctly rural, with a strong sense of community and a deep connection to the land.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound, reflecting the county's rich history and natural beauty. The Buffalo Historic District, with its well-preserved buildings, offers a glimpse into the county's pioneer past. The Jim Gatchell Memorial Museum showcases local history and artifacts. The Bighorn National Forest provides unparalleled opportunities for outdoor recreation. The annual Buffalo Bill Days rodeo and celebration draws crowds from across the region. The county is also notable for its relative isolation; it’s one of the least densely populated counties in the United States. Several notable residents, particularly those involved in ranching and rodeo, have contributed to the county’s unique identity and legacy.