County of westchester
new york
History & Founding
Located just north of New York City, this county holds a significant place in the state’s history and continues to be a vibrant and diverse region. Established in 1680 by Governor Francis Lovelace, it initially encompassed a vast territory, much larger than its current boundaries. The name “Westchester” itself derives from the Dutch “Westchester,” meaning “West District,” referencing its position west of the Bronx River, which marked the boundary of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam. During the Revolutionary War, it served as a crucial supply route and staging ground for Continental Army troops. A fascinating anecdote highlights this era: Benedict Arnold, before his infamous betrayal, was a celebrated military hero and lived on a plantation in what is now North Tarrytown, a testament to the region’s early prosperity and its complicated historical narrative. The county's gradual reduction in size over the centuries reflects the growth of New York City and its surrounding areas.
Geography & Landscape
The county’s geography is strikingly varied. Situated within the Hudson Valley, it stretches along the eastern bank of the Hudson River, encompassing a mix of rolling hills, fertile valleys, and dramatic riverfront landscapes. The terrain transitions from relatively flat areas near the Hudson to more rugged, wooded hills further inland. The Hudson River itself is a defining feature, providing scenic beauty and serving as a vital transportation route. Several smaller rivers, including the Bronx River and Pocantico River, crisscross the region. Lakes like Lake Kensico and Croton Lake contribute to the area’s natural beauty and serve as important water sources. The county’s climate is generally humid subtropical, with warm summers and cool, snowy winters. The proximity to the Hudson River moderates temperatures somewhat, resulting in slightly milder conditions than inland areas.
Economy & Communities
Economically, the county is a diverse blend of suburban and urban characteristics. Major towns include White Plains, Yonkers, Mount Kisco, and Rye, each possessing distinct personalities. Historically, agriculture played a significant role, with fertile farmland supporting dairy farming and fruit orchards. Today, the economy is driven by finance, healthcare, education, and technology. Numerous corporations maintain regional headquarters or significant operations within the county. Notable employers include Montefiore Health System, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and Stop & Shop. The area is largely suburban, although Yonkers, bordering the Bronx, retains a more urban feel. The county’s proximity to New York City provides access to a vast job market and contributes to a high cost of living.
Points of Interest
Points of interest abound, reflecting the county’s rich history and natural beauty. Lyndhurst Mansion, a stunning Gothic Revival estate overlooking the Hudson, is a popular historic site. The Rockefeller State Park Preserve offers extensive hiking trails and breathtaking views. Numerous parks, including Saxon Woods Park and Croton Point Park, provide recreational opportunities. The annual Hudson Valley Shakespeare Festival draws large crowds. Notable residents throughout history have included actors, writers, and business leaders. The county holds the record for the highest average household income in New York State, underscoring its affluence and desirability as a place to live. Its unique blend of natural beauty, historical significance, and economic vitality makes it a compelling and dynamic region within the state.
Information
- State
- new york
- Type
- County
- Population
- 923,459
- Land area
- 433 sq mi
- Capital
- White Plains
- Time zone
- UTC-5
- FIPS
- 36119
56 Cities
| City | Population | Elevation |
|---|---|---|
| Yonkers | 196,086 | 80 ft (24 m) |
| New Rochelle | 72,182 | 94 ft (29 m) |
| Mount Vernon | 68,381 | - |
| White Plains | 53,077 | 140 ft (43 m) |
| Yorktown | 36,318 | 500 ft (152 m) |
| Eastchester | 31,318 | - |
| Mamaroneck | 28,967 | 10 ft (3 m) |
| Port Chester | 27,867 | 40 ft (12 m) |
| Harrison | 24,154 | 60 ft (18 m) |
| Ossining | 24,010 | 160 ft (49 m) |
| Peekskill | 22,441 | 70 ft (21 m) |
| Somers | 18,346 | 270 ft (82 m) |
| Bedford | 18,133 | 370 ft (113 m) |
| Scarsdale | 17,823 | 210 ft (64 m) |
| Rye | 14,955 | 40 ft (12 m) |
| Lewisboro | 12,324 | 722 ft (220 m) |
| Pelham | 11,866 | - |
| Tarrytown | 11,090 | - |
| Dobbs Ferry | 10,622 | 210 ft (64 m) |
| Mount Kisco | 9,983 | 289 ft (88 m) |
| Hartsdale | 9,830 | 182 ft (55 m) |
| Chappaqua | 9,468 | 496 ft (151 m) |
| Sleepy Hollow | 9,212 | 75 ft (23 m) |
| Rye Brook | 8,602 | 250 ft (76 m) |
| Yorktown Heights | 7,972 | 500 ft (152 m) |
| Briarcliff Manor | 7,696 | 266 ft (81 m) |
| Hastings-on-Hudson | 7,648 | 199 ft (61 m) |
| Croton-on-Hudson | 7,606 | 160 ft (49 m) |
| Pleasantville | 7,172 | 304 ft (93 m) |
| Ridgeway | 6,886 | - |
| Mount Hope | 6,639 | - |
| Irvington | 6,631 | 170 ft (52 m) |
| Bronxville | 6,543 | 100 ft (30 m) |
| Larchmont | 6,485 | - |
| Tuckahoe | 6,211 | - |
| Thornwood | 5,980 | 280 ft (85 m) |
| Lake Mohegan | 5,979 | 500 ft (152 m) |
| Pelham Manor | 5,466 | - |
| Valhalla | 5,379 | 250 ft (76 m) |
| North Salem | 5,173 | 630 ft (192 m) |
| Hawthorne | 5,083 | - |
| Pound Ridge | 4,726 | 620 ft (189 m) |
| Elmsford | 4,676 | 230 ft (70 m) |
| Ardsley | 4,269 | 210 ft (64 m) |
| Heritage Hills | 3,683 | 580 ft (177 m) |
| Armonk | 3,461 | 386 ft (118 m) |
| Annsville | 2,956 | - |
| Buchanan | 2,189 | - |
| Crompond | 2,050 | 420 ft (128 m) |
| Lincolndale | 2,018 | 340 ft (104 m) |
| Shenorock | 1,887 | 540 ft (165 m) |
| Shrub Oak | 1,812 | - |
| Crugers | 1,752 | 140 ft (43 m) |
| Sparta | 1,627 | 60 ft (18 m) |
| Verplanck | 777 | 60 ft (18 m) |
| Scotts Corners | 624 | 390 ft (119 m) |