County of essex

History & Founding

Located in the northeastern corner of New York State, this county boasts a rich history and stunning natural beauty. Established in 1793 from portions of Washington and Clinton counties, it was named in honor of William Essex, a distinguished British general during the American Revolutionary War. While Essex fought on the opposing side, his name was chosen by Governor George Clinton, reportedly as a gesture of hope for reconciliation between the newly formed United States and Great Britain. The county played a vital role in the early development of New York, serving as a frontier region for settlement and resource extraction. An interesting anecdote recounts the brief and somewhat comical existence of a proposed county seat in 1793 called "Essex Town," which vanished from maps and records almost as quickly as it appeared, ultimately leading to the selection of Elizabethtown as the permanent county seat.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is defined by the Adirondack Mountains, dominating the landscape with their rugged peaks and dense forests. Situated along the Canadian border, it encompasses 1,797 square miles, making it the second largest county in New York by area. The Ausable River and the Boquet River are significant waterways, contributing to the area’s scenic beauty and supporting recreational activities. Numerous lakes, including Lake Champlain, provide opportunities for boating and fishing. The climate is characterized by cold, snowy winters and mild, humid summers. The elevation varies greatly, with the High Peaks Wilderness area featuring some of the state’s most challenging hiking terrain. The landscape is largely undeveloped, preserving a sense of wilderness and tranquility.

Economy & Communities

The economy of the county is primarily driven by tourism, agriculture, and forestry. The major towns include Lake Placid, known for hosting the Winter Olympics in 1932 and 1980, and Westport, a charming lakeside village. Agriculture remains important, with dairy farming and maple syrup production being traditional industries. While logging and timber harvesting were historically significant, they have diminished in scale. Notable employers include hospitality businesses, small manufacturers, and government agencies. The character of the area is distinctly rural, with small towns and villages scattered throughout the mountainous terrain. The population, approximately 38,851, reflects this rural nature, fostering a strong sense of community and connection to the land.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound, drawing visitors seeking outdoor adventure and historical exploration. The High Peaks Wilderness area offers unparalleled hiking and backpacking opportunities. The Lake Placid Olympic Museum celebrates the region’s Olympic heritage. The Ausable Chasm, known as the “Grand Canyon of the East,” provides a unique geological experience. Numerous historic sites, including the Goodman’s Block in Elizabethtown, offer glimpses into the county’s past. The annual Winter Carnival in Lake Placid is a popular festival. The county holds the distinction of being the least densely populated county in New York. Several notable residents, past and present, have contributed to the county’s cultural and economic landscape, leaving their mark on this distinctive corner of the Adirondack region.