County of middlesex
new jersey
History & Founding
Located in central New Jersey, this county boasts a rich history and a diverse tapestry of communities. Established in 1683 by Royal Charter, it was originally part of the Province of East Jersey. The name "Middlesex" derives from the English county of Middlesex, reflecting the early settlers’ origins. Initially encompassing a much larger area, it was gradually reduced as other counties were formed, including Somerset, Hunterdon, and Union. During the Revolutionary War, the area played a crucial role, serving as a vital supply route and witnessing skirmishes. A fascinating anecdote recounts how General Washington briefly headquartered in New Brunswick during the winter of 1776-77, using the Rahway River as a strategic advantage for troop movements and supply lines. The county’s early development was intrinsically linked to the growth of New Jersey as a whole, contributing significantly to the state’s agricultural and later industrial expansion.
Geography & Landscape
The county’s geography is characterized by a varied landscape. Situated within the Piedmont Plateau region, the terrain is generally rolling hills and fertile farmland. The Rahway River and the Raritan River are the major waterways, providing both transportation and irrigation. While no significant mountains are located within the county’s boundaries, the Watchung Mountains lie just to the west, providing a scenic backdrop. The climate is humid subtropical, with warm, humid summers and mild winters. The land area spans 311 square miles, a blend of developed areas and preserved natural spaces. The soil composition, historically ideal for agriculture, continues to shape the character of the region.
Economy & Communities
The county is a vibrant mix of urban, suburban, and rural communities, encompassing 39 distinct cities and towns. Major population centers include New Brunswick, Woodbridge Township, Piscataway, and Edison. Historically an agricultural hub, the economy has diversified considerably. While agriculture remains important, particularly for produce and livestock, industry plays a significant role. Pharmaceuticals, technology, and healthcare are major sectors, with notable employers such as Johnson & Johnson, Rutgers University, and St. Peter’s University Hospital. The area's proximity to New York City and Philadelphia has fueled economic growth and attracted a diverse workforce. The character of the county is decidedly suburban, with a strong sense of community and a blend of established neighborhoods and newer developments.
Points of Interest
Numerous points of interest draw visitors and residents alike. Rutgers University, the state's flagship institution, is a major cultural and intellectual center, hosting numerous events and attracting students from around the globe. The New Brunswick Performing Arts Center is a premier destination for theater and music. Duke Farms, a meticulously restored historic estate, offers beautiful gardens and walking trails. The Middlesex County Museum offers insights into the area’s rich heritage. The county is also home to numerous parks and recreational facilities. Notably, the county holds the record for having the highest concentration of Polish-American residents in New Jersey, reflected in the vibrant Polish cultural heritage found in towns like Carteret. The annual Middlesex County Fair is a beloved tradition, celebrating the county’s agricultural roots and community spirit.
Information
- State
- new jersey
- Type
- County
- Population
- 750,162
- Land area
- 311 sq mi
- Capital
- New Brunswick
- Time zone
- UTC-5
- FIPS
- 34023
39 Cities
| City | Population | Elevation |
|---|---|---|
| Edison | 97,687 | 100 ft (30 m) |
| New Brunswick | 48,573 | 80 ft (24 m) |
| Perth Amboy | 47,303 | 65 ft (20 m) |
| East Brunswick | 46,756 | 10 ft (3 m) |
| Sayreville | 40,377 | 41 ft (12 m) |
| Old Bridge | 22,833 | 30 ft (9 m) |
| South Plainfield | 21,810 | 67 ft (20 m) |
| Carteret | 20,709 | 16 ft (5 m) |
| Woodbridge | 18,309 | 34 ft (10 m) |
| Colonia | 17,811 | 60 ft (18 m) |
| Avenel | 17,552 | 84 ft (26 m) |
| Iselin | 16,698 | 64 ft (20 m) |
| South River | 15,322 | 80 ft (24 m) |
| Fords | 15,032 | 116 ft (35 m) |
| Highland Park | 13,999 | - |
| Middlesex | 13,717 | 61 ft (19 m) |
| Princeton Meadows | 13,436 | 180 ft (55 m) |
| Metuchen | 12,840 | 117 ft (36 m) |
| Kendall Park | 9,006 | 200 ft (61 m) |
| South Amboy | 7,913 | 99 ft (30 m) |
| Spotswood | 7,880 | 31 ft (9 m) |
| Milltown | 7,000 | 60 ft (18 m) |
| Madison Park | 6,929 | 140 ft (43 m) |
| Dunellen | 6,823 | 60 ft (18 m) |
| Dayton | 6,235 | 120 ft (37 m) |
| Laurence Harbor | 6,227 | 27 ft (8 m) |
| Jamesburg | 6,025 | 65 ft (20 m) |
| Heathcote | 4,755 | 100 ft (30 m) |
| Port Reading | 3,829 | 20 ft (6 m) |
| Society Hill | 3,804 | 100 ft (30 m) |
| Concordia | 3,658 | 40 ft (12 m) |
| Rossmoor | 3,129 | 140 ft (43 m) |
| Clearbrook Park | 3,053 | 100 ft (30 m) |
| Sewaren | 2,780 | 40 ft (12 m) |
| Monmouth Junction | 2,721 | 91 ft (28 m) |
| Brownville | 2,660 | 70 ft (21 m) |
| Plainsboro Center | 2,209 | 80 ft (24 m) |
| Cranbury | 2,008 | 103 ft (31 m) |
| Helmetta | 1,825 | 44 ft (13 m) |