County of nicholas

History & Founding

Located in the heart of West Virginia, this county embodies the state’s rugged beauty and rich history. Established in 1848 from parts of Pocahontas and Webster counties, its name honors Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, a prominent figure in colonial Virginia. Fairfax, a landowner and explorer, played a significant role in the settlement of the region. Before becoming a county, the area was inhabited by Native American tribes, primarily the Shawnee. During the Civil War, the county saw limited direct conflict, but its location made it a crucial supply route, and sympathies were divided. An interesting anecdote recalls a daring raid by Confederate soldiers who briefly seized control of the Summersville post office in 1863, a symbolic act more than a strategic victory. The county’s early development was intrinsically linked to the timber industry and later, the burgeoning coal mining operations that shaped much of West Virginia's economic landscape.

Geography & Landscape

The county sprawls across 649 square miles in the Allegheny Mountains, a visually stunning area characterized by steep valleys, dense forests, and dramatic elevation changes. It sits within the New River drainage basin, and is dominated by the Gauley River, renowned for its whitewater rafting opportunities, and the Clear Fork River. The terrain is predominantly mountainous, with elevations ranging from approximately 800 to over 3,000 feet. Summersville Lake, a man-made reservoir, provides recreational opportunities and significantly alters the local landscape. The climate is humid subtropical, with warm, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. The county’s location contributes to its isolation and preservation of natural beauty, creating a haven for outdoor enthusiasts.

Economy & Communities

The county boasts a population of approximately 26,562 residents, spread across three main towns: Summersville (the county seat), Richwood, and Hillsboro. The economy is primarily driven by tourism, agriculture, and limited industry. While timbering once held significant importance, today, agriculture focuses on livestock, hay, and some specialty crops. Tourism is a major contributor, fueled by the Gauley River's whitewater rafting and the scenic beauty of Summersville Lake. Notable employers include the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources (related to the lake and river management) and various businesses catering to the tourism sector. The overall character of the area is distinctly rural, with a strong sense of community and a slower pace of life. The county retains a strong connection to its Appalachian heritage.

Points of Interest

Points of interest are plentiful, reflecting the county’s natural beauty and historical significance. Summersville Lake offers boating, fishing, and hiking opportunities. The Monongahela National Forest borders the county, providing extensive trails and wilderness areas. The Nicholas County Historical Society Museum showcases the county's rich past. The annual Gauley Fest, held in September, draws thousands of whitewater rafters and spectators. Notable residents have included artists and writers inspired by the region’s unique landscape. The county holds a unique record for having the highest concentration of whitewater rafting miles per square mile in the eastern United States, a testament to the Gauley River's legendary rapids. It's a place where history and adventure intertwine.