County of mercer

History & Founding

Located in the southwestern corner of West Virginia, this county holds a rich tapestry of history, natural beauty, and resilient communities. Established in 1831 from parts of Greenbrier and Summers counties, its name honors Brigadier General Hugh Mercer, a Scottish soldier who fought alongside George Washington in the French and Indian War. Mercer tragically died at the Battle of Red Bank in 1755, and the county’s designation served as a lasting tribute to his service. During the Civil War, the area saw significant activity, with sympathies divided between the Union and the Confederacy. A fascinating anecdote recounts the attempted raid on Princeton in 1863 by Confederate forces under General William E. "Baldy" Smith, a move intended to disrupt Union operations but ultimately unsuccessful, solidifying Princeton's position as a Union stronghold. The county’s early development was tied to timber and coal industries, vital to West Virginia’s growth in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is characterized by rolling hills and rugged mountains, part of the larger Appalachian region. Situated along the border with Virginia, it encompasses approximately 421 square miles. The Bluestone River, a pristine waterway known for its clear waters and scenic beauty, flows through the county, contributing to its picturesque landscape. Numerous smaller creeks and tributaries also crisscross the area. The terrain varies from fertile valleys suitable for agriculture to steep, forested slopes. The climate is humid subtropical, with warm, humid summers and mild winters, experiencing four distinct seasons. Notable natural features include numerous waterfalls and overlooks offering panoramic views of the surrounding mountains.

Economy & Communities

Six towns and cities contribute to the county’s vibrant community: Princeton, Bluefield, Oak Hill, Mercer, Cool Ridge, and Athens. The economy has historically relied on coal mining and timber, but diversification has become increasingly important. Agriculture remains a significant sector, with crops like apples, peaches, and hay being cultivated. While coal mining still provides jobs, healthcare, retail, and manufacturing have emerged as key employers. WVU Tech in Beckley, while technically in an adjacent county, significantly impacts the area's workforce and educational landscape. The county retains a largely rural character, although Princeton and Bluefield offer more urban amenities. Notable employers include hospitals, schools, and regional businesses serving the broader southern West Virginia area.

Points of Interest

Several points of interest draw visitors to the area. Grandview State Park offers breathtaking views of the Bluestone Gorge and opportunities for hiking and camping. The Mercer County Historical Society Museum showcases the county’s rich past. The annual Mercer County Apple Festival, a beloved tradition, celebrates the region’s agricultural heritage. The historic Tazewell Courthouse, a beautifully preserved example of 19th-century architecture, stands as a testament to the county’s legal history. The area is also home to several notable residents, including athletes and artists who have contributed to the county's cultural identity. A unique fact is that Mercer County boasts some of the highest elevation points in West Virginia, contributing to its distinctive climate and stunning vistas.