County of lebanon

History & Founding

Located in south-central Pennsylvania, this county boasts a rich history deeply intertwined with the state’s own development. Established in 1748 from portions of Lancaster and Berks Counties, its name honors General Johannis de Leven (also known as John de la Plaine), a Dutch military advisor to William Penn. De Leven helped negotiate treaties with the Susquehannock Native Americans, playing a crucial role in securing land for Pennsylvania’s early settlers. During the American Revolutionary War, the area served as a vital supply depot for the Continental Army, and the Battle of Lebanon Springs, a minor skirmish, occurred within its borders. An interesting anecdote recalls a daring raid by Hessian soldiers in 1777 who attempted to steal supplies, only to be outsmarted by local militia who disguised wagons filled with hay to appear as if they contained provisions. This act of defiance became a source of local pride.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is characterized by rolling hills and fertile farmland, a landscape sculpted by glacial activity. Situated within the Piedmont Plateau, its terrain gradually rises towards the Appalachian foothills. The Swatara Creek and its tributaries are the dominant waterways, providing irrigation and recreational opportunities. While no large lakes are present, numerous smaller ponds and reservoirs dot the landscape. The climate is humid subtropical, with warm summers and cool, often snowy, winters. The land area encompasses 362 square miles, offering a blend of picturesque rural scenery and developing suburban areas.

Economy & Communities

The county’s economy reflects its agricultural heritage while embracing modern industry. Eighteen towns and cities contribute to a diverse community. Agriculture remains important, with dairy farming, fruit orchards (particularly peaches), and vegetable production shaping the rural landscape. Industry has diversified over the years, with manufacturing, food processing, and healthcare becoming significant employers. Notable companies include Frito-Lay, Clemens Foods (crab meat), and WellSpan Health. The area’s character is predominantly suburban, with a strong sense of community and a mix of established farms and newer residential developments. While not a major metropolitan center, the county benefits from its proximity to Harrisburg and Lancaster.

Points of Interest

Numerous points of interest draw visitors and residents alike. Lebanon Valley Rail Trail offers a scenic pathway for walking, biking, and recreation. Cornwall Iron Works, a preserved industrial complex, provides a glimpse into the area’s 19th-century iron production. The Lebanon Farmers Market is a local institution, showcasing fresh produce and regional specialties. The annual Lebanon Valley Music Festival is a celebrated event. The county is also home to several historic churches and cemeteries. A unique fact is that the county boasts the highest percentage of Pennsylvania Dutch heritage in the state, reflected in the local culture, cuisine, and dialect.