County of lawrence

History & Founding

Located in western Pennsylvania, this county holds a rich tapestry of history, industry, and natural beauty. Established in 1849 from portions of Mercer and Trumbull counties, its creation reflected the westward expansion and growing population of the region. The name honors Brigadier General James Lawrence, a hero of the War of 1812, famed for his defiant final order, "Don't give up the ship!" while mortally wounded aboard the USS Chesapeake. This sentiment of perseverance and courage became synonymous with the newly formed county. During the Civil War, Lawrence County served as a vital supply depot and provided numerous soldiers to the Union army. An interesting anecdote from the county’s past involves the brief, but fervent, attempt to establish a utopian community called "New Harmony" in the 1850s, mirroring the more famous New Harmony in Indiana. Although short-lived, it highlights the region's attraction for those seeking alternative social structures. The county's early development was inextricably linked to the burgeoning iron and coal industries that fueled Pennsylvania’s industrial revolution.

Geography & Landscape

The county sits within the Appalachian Plateau region of Pennsylvania, characterized by rolling hills and valleys. It’s geographically positioned near the Ohio border, approximately 30 miles northwest of Pittsburgh. The terrain is primarily composed of fertile farmland interspersed with wooded areas. Several rivers and creeks, including the Shenango River and the Neshannock Creek, traverse the landscape, contributing to the area's scenic beauty and providing valuable resources. While no major mountain ranges dominate the county, the surrounding hills offer picturesque views. The climate is humid subtropical, with warm, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. Average annual rainfall is plentiful, supporting diverse plant and animal life. The county’s location contributes to a distinct microclimate influenced by the nearby Ohio River Valley.

Economy & Communities

New Castle serves as the county seat and largest city, anchoring a network of smaller towns including Ellwood City, Wilmington, and Slippery Rock. The economy has historically been driven by manufacturing, particularly in the steel and automotive sectors. While these industries have seen fluctuations over the years, the county has diversified. Agriculture remains a significant contributor, with dairy farming, corn, and hay production being prominent. Today, healthcare, education, and light manufacturing provide substantial employment opportunities. Notable employers include UPMC Jameson Hospital, Pennsylvania Western University (formerly Slippery Rock University), and various automotive suppliers. The character of the area is a blend of urban and rural influences, with New Castle exhibiting a more urban feel while the surrounding townships retain a more rural and agricultural identity.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound for visitors and residents alike. Shenango River State Park offers opportunities for recreation including hiking, boating, and fishing. The Lawrence County Historical Society Museum showcases the county’s rich heritage. The Wendell August Forge, a renowned metalworking company, provides tours and demonstrations of its traditional craft. The annual Shenango Valley Wine & Craft Festival draws crowds from across the region. Notable former residents include William Scranton, a former Governor of Pennsylvania. The county also holds the distinction of being home to the oldest continuously operating forge in the United States, a testament to its enduring industrial legacy.