County of lancaster

History & Founding

Located in south-central Pennsylvania, this county boasts a rich tapestry of history, agriculture, and community. Established in 1729 from portions of Chester and York counties, it was named in honor of Lancaster, England, the ancestral home of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania. Early settlement was driven by German immigrants, known as the Pennsylvania Dutch, who sought religious freedom and fertile land. The county played a significant role in the American Revolution; it served as a supply depot for the Continental Army, and the Battle of Lancaster took place in 1777, though it was a brief and largely inconclusive skirmish. A fascinating anecdote recounts how, during the Revolutionary War, a local farmer cleverly concealed a supply of wheat from British troops by claiming it was merely a field of overgrown grass, saving vital provisions for the American cause. The county’s agricultural prowess and strategic location contributed significantly to Pennsylvania’s early development.

Geography & Landscape

The county occupies a picturesque landscape within the Piedmont region of Pennsylvania. It lies approximately 60 miles west of Philadelphia and 100 miles northeast of Baltimore. The terrain is generally rolling hills and fertile farmland, transitioning to more wooded areas in the northern and eastern portions. The Susquehanna River forms the eastern boundary, providing a vital water source and contributing to the area’s agricultural productivity. Several smaller creeks, including Conestoga and Lititz creeks, meander through the county. The climate is humid subtropical, characterized by warm, humid summers and cool, relatively mild winters. Notable natural features include the Chickies Rock, a dramatic overlook of the Susquehanna River, and the expansive fields of Amish farmland, a distinctive visual element of the region.

Economy & Communities

The county’s economy is a blend of agricultural heritage and modern industry. Lancaster is the largest city and county seat, serving as a regional hub for commerce and services. Other significant towns include Manheim, Parkesburg, and Strasburg. Agriculture remains a cornerstone of the economy, particularly dairy farming, fruit orchards (especially peaches and apples), and vegetable production. The Pennsylvania Dutch heritage is evident in the numerous farmers' markets and roadside stands. Industry includes manufacturing, particularly in the food processing and metalworking sectors. Major employers include Lancaster General Health, Fulton Financial Corporation, and various agricultural processing companies. The character of the area is diverse, ranging from rural farmland to suburban residential areas and a revitalized urban core.

Points of Interest

Numerous points of interest draw visitors to the county. Strasburg Rail Road, the oldest continuously operating railroad in the Western Hemisphere, provides a nostalgic journey through the countryside. Lancaster County Central Park offers recreational opportunities and scenic beauty. The Demuth Museum celebrates the work of renowned painter Charles Demuth, a native of Lancaster. The annual Pennsylvania Renaissance Faire provides a lively celebration of medieval history and culture. The county is also home to numerous antique shops and craft stores, reflecting the region's rich heritage. A unique record is the prevalence of Amish communities, preserving a distinct way of life and contributing to the county's unique cultural identity. The county consistently ranks high in lists of "best places to live" due to its blend of history, natural beauty, and strong sense of community.