County of washburn

History & Founding

Located in northwestern Wisconsin, this county embodies the state’s quintessential Northwoods charm. Established in 1876 from parts of Bayfield, Sawyer, and Ashland counties, its creation reflected the ongoing settlement and development of Wisconsin’s frontier regions. The name honors Cadwallader C. Washburn, a prominent Wisconsin politician and businessman, serving as governor and later as U.S. Secretary of State under President Ulysses S. Grant. Early settlement was spurred by the promise of timber resources, drawing loggers and settlers eager to exploit the abundant forests. The county played a significant role in Wisconsin’s lumber boom, contributing heavily to the state’s economic growth during the late 19th century. An interesting anecdote from this era tells of a massive log drive down the Chequamegon River, where logs would sometimes pile up so high they created temporary islands, requiring specialized “log rollers” to break them apart and keep the drive moving.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is characterized by rolling hills, dense forests, and a remarkable abundance of water. Situated within the Northern Highland Ecological Province, it covers 810 square miles, largely composed of hardwood and coniferous forests. Numerous rivers, including the Chequamegon and Manitowish, crisscross the landscape, feeding into a stunning network of lakes. These lakes, such as Butternut, Manitowish, and Stone, provide exceptional opportunities for recreation and contribute to the area's scenic beauty. The terrain is generally hilly, though not mountainous, and the climate is a typical four-season Midwestern climate with cold, snowy winters and warm, humid summers. The county's location places it within the UTC-6 time zone.

Economy & Communities

Economically, the county is rooted in its natural resources and recreational opportunities. The largest towns are Shell Lake (the county seat), Minong, and Washburn, each retaining a distinct rural character. Historically, timber harvesting was the dominant industry, but today, tourism plays a vital role, attracting visitors seeking outdoor adventures. Agriculture, primarily focused on dairy farming and small-scale crops, remains a part of the economy, though on a smaller scale. Notable employers include businesses related to tourism, healthcare, and government services. The overall character of the area is decidedly rural, with a strong sense of community and a slower pace of life. The FIPS code for the county is 129.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound, reflecting the county’s natural beauty and rich history. The Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest encompasses a significant portion of the county, offering extensive opportunities for hiking, camping, and fishing. The Washburn County Historical Society Museum preserves the area’s heritage. The annual Washburn County Forest Products Festival celebrates the region’s forestry history. Notable residents have included individuals involved in logging and local politics, though the county is more known for its welcoming atmosphere and the beauty of its natural environment. The sheer number of lakes within the county, providing countless opportunities for boating and fishing, is a unique and defining characteristic.