County of rockbridge

History & Founding

Nestled in the heart of the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, this county boasts a rich tapestry of history and natural beauty. Established in 1778 from Augusta County, its name derives from the prominent Rockbridge, a natural bridge of limestone formed by erosion. The county’s formation reflected the burgeoning westward expansion of Virginia settlers, eager to claim fertile land and resources. Early settlers were primarily of Scotch-Irish and German descent, contributing significantly to the region's cultural heritage. During the Civil War, the county, largely spared from major battles, served as a refuge for civilians fleeing conflict, and its strategic location meant it served as a vital supply route. An interesting anecdote from the early 19th century recounts a traveling showman attempting to exhibit a "genuine unicorn" (a rhinoceros) in Lexington, only to be met with skepticism and ridicule from the discerning local population.

Geography & Landscape

The county occupies a geographically diverse landscape within the Blue Ridge Mountains. Located in west-central Virginia, it’s bordered by the Allegheny Mountains to the west and the Blue Ridge Mountains to the east. The terrain is characterized by rolling hills, fertile valleys, and steep mountain slopes. The Maury, Linville, and Calfpasture rivers crisscross the county, providing water resources and contributing to the scenic beauty. The climate is humid subtropical, with four distinct seasons, experiencing warm, humid summers and mild winters. The county’s elevation ranges from approximately 600 to over 3,000 feet above sea level. The natural landscape is punctuated by limestone formations, caves, and forests of oak, hickory, and maple.

Economy & Communities

The two principal towns, Lexington and Buena Vista, serve as the county’s economic and community hubs. Agriculture remains an important part of the local economy, with hay, corn, and livestock being significant products. However, the economy has diversified considerably. Lexington, home to Washington and Lee University and the Virginia Military Institute, benefits from a robust educational sector and related tourism. Buena Vista’s economy is more centered on manufacturing and light industry. Notable employers include the universities, various manufacturing companies, and the healthcare sector. The overall character of the area is predominantly rural, with a strong sense of community and a slower pace of life, although the presence of the universities injects a vibrant intellectual and cultural atmosphere.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound for those exploring the region. Natural Bridge State Park, showcasing the impressive Rockbridge formation that lent its name to the county, is a major draw. The historic downtowns of Lexington and Buena Vista offer charming shops, restaurants, and architectural landmarks. Washington and Lee University and the Virginia Military Institute, both steeped in history, offer guided tours and events. Glen Caverns, a commercial cave system, provides a fascinating glimpse into the region’s geology. The Glasgow Highland Games, a celebration of Scottish heritage, draws visitors annually. Notable residents have included Robert E. Lee, who served as Superintendent of Virginia Military Institute, and numerous distinguished scholars and artists. The county holds the distinction of having a disproportionately high number of graduates from the selective Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, reflecting the area’s emphasis on education.