County of rockingham

new hampshire

History & Founding

Rockingham County occupies the southeastern corner of New Hampshire, a region deeply intertwined with the state’s early history and ongoing economic vitality. Established in 1771 from Hillsborough County, its name honors Wilmington, Delaware, and specifically, Margaret Rockingham, the wife of Thomas Gage, then the Governor of Massachusetts. This choice reflects the colonial era’s close ties with British governance, a connection that would soon be challenged. The county played a pivotal role in the lead-up to the American Revolution; the Lamprey River meeting house in Kingston served as a clandestine gathering place for revolutionaries, and the Battle of Portsmouth in 1774, a minor skirmish, marked an early act of defiance against British authority. A curious anecdote recounts how local blacksmith, Silas Rice, famously melted down his pewter tableware to create musket balls for the colonial militia, a symbolic act of resistance that resonated throughout the region.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is characterized by a varied landscape. Situated along the Atlantic coast, it encompasses rolling hills, fertile river valleys, and a short but significant shoreline. The Lamprey, Exeter, and Piscataqua Rivers are vital waterways, contributing to the region’s agricultural productivity and providing recreational opportunities. While no major mountains reside within Rockingham County, the proximity to the White Mountains provides stunning views and easy access to hiking and outdoor adventures. The climate is humid continental, experiencing warm summers and cold, snowy winters. The coastal location moderates temperatures somewhat, but seasonal changes are distinct. Notable natural features include the rocky coastline and the extensive wetlands found along the rivers, providing habitat for diverse wildlife.

Economy & Communities

Rockingham County is a blend of thriving cities, charming towns, and picturesque rural areas. Major towns include Portsmouth, Salem, and Kingston. Historically an agricultural hub, the economy has diversified significantly. Today, it's a mix of retail, healthcare, manufacturing, and tourism. Portsmouth, a major port city, is a significant economic driver. Notable employers include market leaders in the healthcare sector, as well as companies involved in advanced manufacturing and technology. While pockets of rural farmland remain, the area is predominantly suburban, with a growing urban presence in Portsmouth. The county's proximity to Boston contributes to its economic strength, attracting residents and businesses alike.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound throughout Rockingham County. Strawbery Banke Museum in Portsmouth, a living history museum, offers a glimpse into 18th and 19th-century life. Odiorne Point State Park provides stunning coastal views and access to hiking trails. The county is also home to numerous historic churches and meeting houses, reflecting its rich heritage. The Portsmouth Music Hall hosts a variety of performances throughout the year. The annual Market Square Day in Portsmouth is a popular festival celebrating the city's vibrant community. Notable residents have included figures in politics, literature, and the arts. Interestingly, Rockingham County boasts one of the highest concentrations of historic homes in New Hampshire, a testament to its enduring legacy and architectural beauty.

Information

State
new hampshire
Type
County
Population
277,359
Land area
695 sq mi
Capital
Exeter
Time zone
UTC-5
FIPS
33015

36 Cities

CityPopulationElevation
Derry34,021290 ft (88 m)
Salem28,112131 ft (40 m)
Londonderry23,236394 ft (120 m)
Portsmouth20,78421 ft (6 m)
Windham10,709200 ft (61 m)
Exeter9,75945 ft (14 m)
Raymond9,674205 ft (62 m)
Hampton9,12656 ft (17 m)
Hampstead8,297329 ft (100 m)
Newmarket8,027-
Seabrook7,93456 ft (17 m)
Plaistow7,747104 ft (32 m)
Stratham6,35558 ft (18 m)
Atkinson6,178310 ft (94 m)
Kingston5,862139 ft (42 m)
Rye5,18257 ft (17 m)
Sandown5,143232 ft (71 m)
Auburn4,682257 ft (78 m)
Newton4,289200 ft (61 m)
North Hampton4,259105 ft (32 m)
Danville4,023200 ft (61 m)
Candia3,911360 ft (110 m)
Chester3,792467 ft (142 m)
Nottingham3,701260 ft (79 m)
Northwood3,640559 ft (170 m)
Fremont3,510158 ft (48 m)
Greenland3,20847 ft (14 m)
Brentwood3,197123 ft (37 m)
Kensington1,893125 ft (38 m)
Hampton Falls1,88040 ft (12 m)
East Kingston1,784124 ft (38 m)
Epping1,673155 ft (47 m)
Newfields1,55146 ft (14 m)
New Castle1,01021 ft (6 m)
South Hampton844202 ft (62 m)
Newington775100 ft (30 m)

Other counties in new hampshire