County of cheshire

History & Founding

Located in southwestern New Hampshire, this county holds a rich tapestry of history, natural beauty, and a strong sense of community. Established in 1769 by a Royal charter from King George III, it was initially known as Hillsborough County, encompassing a vast territory. The name "Cheshire" derives from Cheshire, England, a nod to the origin of many of the early settlers who sought new opportunities in the American colonies. As settlements expanded westward, the original Hillsborough County was divided, and Cheshire County emerged as a distinct entity in 1771. It played a pivotal role in New Hampshire's early development, serving as a frontier region and contributing significantly to the state’s agricultural output. An interesting anecdote from its history involves Ethan Allen, the famed frontiersman, who briefly resided in the area during the French and Indian War and reportedly engaged in surveying activities.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is defined by rolling hills and valleys, transitioning into the foothills of the Monadnock Region. It occupies approximately 708 square miles, placing it among the larger counties in the state. The Connecticut River forms its western border, providing a vital transportation and agricultural resource. Several smaller rivers and streams, including the Ashuelot and the Mill Brook, crisscross the landscape. While lacking large lakes, the county boasts numerous ponds and reservoirs. The climate is generally humid continental, characterized by warm summers and cold, snowy winters. The landscape is largely forested, with patches of farmland and picturesque villages dotting the terrain.

Economy & Communities

The economy of the county is a blend of agriculture, industry, and services. Keene, the county seat, serves as a regional hub for commerce and education. Major towns include Swanzey, Hinsdale, and Brattleboro (though Brattleboro is actually in Vermont, its proximity significantly influences the county’s economy). Agriculture remains important, with dairy farming and specialty crops contributing to the local economy. Manufacturing, particularly in the areas of precision machining and plastics, provides employment for many residents. Notable employers include Keene State College, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (with a significant presence in Keene), and several regional manufacturing companies. The overall character of the county is predominantly rural, with pockets of suburban development around Keene.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound for visitors and residents alike. The Monadnock State Park, home to Mount Monadnock, a popular hiking destination, offers stunning panoramic views. Historic sites, such as the Fort Shirley site, a remnant of colonial fortifications, offer glimpses into the county's past. The Aldrich Conservation Area provides opportunities for hiking and nature observation. The annual Pumpkin Festival in Keene draws large crowds and celebrates the region’s agricultural heritage. Notable residents have included writers and artists drawn to the area’s natural beauty. The county is also known for its high rate of volunteerism and strong community spirit, reflecting a deep connection to its history and landscape.