County of valencia

History & Founding

Nestled in central New Mexico, this county boasts a rich tapestry of history, diverse landscapes, and a growing community. Established in 1913 from parts of Bernalillo and Santa Fe counties, its name honors Valencia, Spain, a region significant in Spanish colonial history and specifically referencing the Duke of Valencia, a prominent figure in the Spanish exploration of the Americas. Prior to its formal creation, the area was part of the vast Spanish and Mexican territories, witnessing the ebb and flow of indigenous populations, Spanish settlers, and later, American pioneers. The county played a vital role in the burgeoning agricultural sector of New Mexico, contributing significantly to the state's economic development in the early 20th century. A curious anecdote from the county’s early days recounts a local farmer, determined to grow watermelons despite the arid climate, successfully cultivating a prize-winning melon so large it reportedly required four men to carry it to the county fair.

Geography & Landscape

The county's location places it within the Rio Grande Valley, a defining feature of its geography. Covering 1,068 square miles, the terrain is a mix of rolling hills, fertile river valleys, and the foothills of the Sandia Mountains to the east. The Rio Grande River serves as a crucial water source and shapes the landscape, creating a ribbon of green amidst the more arid surroundings. Elevations range from approximately 4,800 feet near the river to over 10,000 feet in the Sandia foothills. The climate is classified as semi-arid, characterized by hot summers and mild winters, with average annual rainfall around 14 inches. Notable natural features include the Bosque, a riparian forest along the Rio Grande, and the expansive views of the mountains.

Economy & Communities

The county’s economy is a blend of agriculture, industry, and increasingly, service sector employment. Major towns include Los Lunas (the county seat), Belen, Rio Communities, and Moriarty. Agriculture remains important, with crops like alfalfa, chili peppers, and onions being significant contributors to the local economy. The presence of the Kirtland Air Force Base, located just outside Albuquerque, provides a substantial number of jobs and influences the surrounding communities. Manufacturing, particularly related to agricultural processing and distribution, is also a key economic driver. Notable employers include Los Lunas Schools, the Belen Harvey Electric Cooperative, and various agricultural businesses. The character of the area is evolving; while retaining a rural feel in many areas, it’s experiencing suburban growth, particularly around the larger towns, and benefiting from its proximity to the Albuquerque metropolitan area.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound for visitors and residents alike. The Valencia County Historical Society Museum in Los Lunas showcases the area’s rich heritage. Numerous parks, such as Coronado Park in Belen, offer recreational opportunities. The annual Valencia County Fair provides a showcase of local agriculture and a celebration of community. The historic Route 66 passes through the county, offering glimpses into a bygone era. The county also boasts a number of notable residents, many of whom contribute to the vibrant arts and culture scene. Uniquely, Valencia County is known for its production of New Mexico chili, a culinary staple celebrated throughout the state, and annual chili festivals draw visitors from across the region.