County of big stone

History & Founding

Located in west-central Minnesota, this county’s story began in 1855 when it was originally established as Traverse County. The name was later changed to Big Stone County in 1869, a nod to the massive, sedimentary rock formations – specifically, the Big Stone Gap – that line the banks of the Minnesota River. These impressive formations, composed of layers of shale and sandstone, were a significant landmark for early settlers and fur traders. The county’s early history is intertwined with the Dakota people who traditionally inhabited the area. Settlement by European Americans proceeded gradually, fueled by the promise of fertile farmland and timber resources. During the late 19th century, the region experienced a boom as railroads expanded westward, connecting it to larger markets and facilitating agricultural development. A curious anecdote from the 1880s recounts a brief, but intense, gold rush when prospectors mistakenly identified pyrite (fool's gold) as the real thing, briefly attracting hopeful fortune-seekers.

Geography & Landscape

The county occupies a geographically diverse landscape within Minnesota's prairie region. It lies adjacent to the South Dakota border and is characterized by gently rolling hills, expansive grasslands, and fertile river valleys. The Minnesota River forms its eastern boundary, providing vital water resources and shaping the landscape. Numerous smaller lakes and wetlands dot the terrain, contributing to the area's rich biodiversity. The county’s land area encompasses 497 square miles. The climate is typical of the Upper Midwest, experiencing cold winters with significant snowfall and warm, humid summers. The average annual precipitation supports abundant agricultural production. The terrain is largely flat, making it ideal for farming, but also occasionally susceptible to flooding from the Minnesota River.

Economy & Communities

The area's economy is predominantly agricultural, with corn, soybeans, and hay being major crops. Ortonville, the county seat, is the largest town and serves as a regional hub for commerce and services. Other towns include Clinton, New London, and Ashton. While agriculture remains the cornerstone of the economy, there’s a growing presence of small-scale manufacturing and processing facilities. Notable employers include agricultural cooperatives, livestock operations, and businesses serving the needs of the rural population. The character of the area is distinctly rural, with a strong sense of community and a slower pace of life. The population, estimated at 5,820, reflects the predominantly agricultural nature of the region.

Points of Interest

Points of interest in the county highlight its natural beauty and historical significance. Big Stone National Wildlife Refuge, established in 1958, provides habitat for migratory birds and offers recreational opportunities like hiking and wildlife observation. The Ortonville Historical Society Museum showcases the county’s rich heritage, preserving artifacts and photographs documenting its development. The county’s location on the Minnesota River also makes it a popular destination for fishing and boating. The area is known for its impressive sunsets over the river and prairie landscape. The county also holds the distinction of being home to a significant portion of the massive Coteau des Prairies, a vast elevated prairie that stretches across south-central Minnesota and into South Dakota.