County of custer

History & Founding

Nestled in the southern reaches of Colorado, this county emerged from the burgeoning settlement of the late 19th century. Officially established in 1876, it was carved from parts of Bent and Pueblo counties, reflecting the rapid expansion and organization of Colorado Territory. The name honors General George Armstrong Custer, a controversial figure in American military history, whose exploits during the Indian Wars were widely publicized at the time. While his legacy is now viewed with a more critical eye, the county’s naming was a direct result of the era’s fascination with the frontier and its heroes. Early settlement was spurred by the promise of silver and gold, though these proved largely unsuccessful. An interesting anecdote from the early days tells of a prospector named Silas Lee, who, convinced he’s found a vein of gold, attempted to pay for supplies at the general store in Westcliffe using nuggets he later discovered were pyrite, commonly known as “fool’s gold.” The incident became a local legend, highlighting the often-disappointing realities of the mining boom.

Geography & Landscape

The county's location is striking – a high-altitude region within the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, bordering New Mexico. The terrain is rugged and mountainous, dominated by the Sangre de Cristo range and characterized by steep canyons and forested slopes. The Arkansas River, a vital waterway, cuts through the western portion of the county, providing irrigation and supporting riparian ecosystems. Numerous smaller streams and creeks feed into the Arkansas. The county's elevation ranges from approximately 6,600 feet to over 14,000 feet at the peaks of the surrounding mountains. The climate is characterized by semi-arid conditions, with warm summers and cold, snowy winters. The high altitude contributes to dramatic temperature swings. Notable natural features include the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, though a portion of it technically lies just outside the county's boundaries, and the numerous peaks offering breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.

Economy & Communities

The county’s population is sparse, numbering just over 3,500 residents. The two principal communities are Westcliffe and Silver Cliff, historically linked as a boom-and-bust mining town pair. Today, the economy is primarily driven by tourism, agriculture, and small-scale businesses catering to outdoor recreation. Ranching and some farming, particularly hay production, remain important, though the challenging terrain limits large-scale agriculture. Tourism thrives due to the area’s stunning scenery and access to outdoor activities like hiking, fishing, and hunting. Notable employers include local ranches, tourism-related businesses, and the county government. The overall character of the area is distinctly rural, with a strong sense of community and a slower pace of life. Many residents are drawn to the area seeking solitude and a connection to nature.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound for those who appreciate the natural and historical heritage of the region. The Museum of the Sangre de Cristo Arts and Culture in Westcliffe showcases the area’s artistic and cultural traditions. Numerous hiking trails wind through the mountains, offering spectacular views. The nearby Great Sand Dunes National Park provides a unique and surreal landscape to explore. The annual Starpoint Festival celebrates the area’s dark skies and offers stargazing opportunities. The county's remote location and minimal light pollution make it a prime location for astronomy enthusiasts. The area is also notable for its hardy residents who have adapted to the challenges of living in a high-altitude, arid environment,