Borough of haines

History & Founding

Located in the southeastern panhandle of Alaska, this borough represents a vast and rugged territory brimming with natural beauty and a rich history. Established in 2019, it’s a relatively new political entity, carved from portions of the older Chilkat and Skagway-Hoonah-Angoon census areas. The name "Haines" honors Jedediah Haines, a steamboat captain who navigated the Chilkat River in the late 09th century. His efforts in charting the waterway were crucial for early exploration and trade. Interestingly, the original steamboat he captained, the *Haines*, was lost in a particularly violent storm on the Chilkat River, a testament to the unpredictable nature of the region's waterways. The area's history is deeply intertwined with the Klondike Gold Rush, as prospectors sought passage through the region to reach the lucrative mining areas.

Geography & Landscape

The borough’s geography is dominated by the towering peaks of the Coast Mountains and the expansive Chilkat River valley. It encompasses 2,357 square miles of land, a significant portion of which is wilderness. The Chilkat River, a vital waterway, flows through the heart of the area, providing habitat for a large population of Chinook salmon. Numerous lakes, including Lindemann Lake and Yakut Bay, dot the landscape, surrounded by dense forests of Sitka spruce, western hemlock, and Alaskan cedar. The climate is classified as a subpolar oceanic climate, characterized by cool summers and mild, wet winters. Average temperatures range from 40°F in July to 25°F in January. The region experiences significant snowfall, particularly at higher elevations. The Chilkoot Glacier, a massive ice field, is a particularly striking feature, contributing to the area’s dramatic scenery.

Economy & Communities

The borough’s economy is primarily driven by tourism, commercial fishing, and government services. While there are no incorporated cities or towns within the borough, the communities of Excursion Inlet, Holbrook, Pioneer Gate, and Upper Lynn Canal represent the main population centers. Tourism flourishes due to the stunning natural beauty and proximity to popular destinations like Glacier Bay National Park. The fishing industry, particularly salmon harvesting, remains a cornerstone of the local economy. Small-scale agriculture, mainly focused on subsistence farming and berry cultivation, also contributes to the local food supply. Notable employers include the U.S. Forest Service, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and various tourism-related businesses. The overall character of the area is distinctly rural, with a strong sense of community and a deep connection to the natural environment.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound within the borough. The Chilkat Bald Eagle Preserve, a globally significant nesting site for bald eagles, draws visitors from around the world. The Tatshenshini-Alsek River, a world-class whitewater rafting destination, flows along the eastern border. The Alaska State Museum maintains a presence highlighting the region's rich Native Alaskan heritage. The annual Bald Eagle Festival, held in October, is a major draw for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts. The area also boasts a number of historic sites related to the Klondike Gold Rush, including remnants of old mining camps and telegraph lines. The borough’s remote location and stunning scenery contribute to its unique appeal and its status as a truly Alaskan wilderness experience.