County of des moines

History & Founding

Located in southeastern Iowa, this county holds a rich tapestry of history, natural beauty, and a resilient community spirit. Established in 1837, it was carved from the unorganized territory of Iowa and initially named Des Moines County, a name directly borrowed from the Des Moines River that flows along its northern boundary. The river itself derives its name from the French "des moines," meaning "of the monks," referencing the French explorers who encountered the Sac and Fox Native American tribes inhabiting the area, who were often referred to as "monks" due to their perceived quiet and contemplative nature. Early settlement was spurred by the promise of fertile farmland and strategic river access. A fascinating anecdote from its early years recounts a period during the Black Hawk War (1832), when settlers built a fort, known as Fort Des Moines, to protect themselves from potential conflict with Native American tribes. Though the fort never saw major combat, it stands as a testament to the anxieties and challenges faced by pioneers establishing a life in the region. The county played a significant role in Iowa’s westward expansion, serving as a vital agricultural hub and transportation corridor.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is characterized by rolling hills, fertile bottomlands, and the meandering course of the Des Moines River. Located within the Driftless Area, it escaped the flattening effects of glaciation, resulting in a more rugged and varied landscape than much of the rest of Iowa. The county encompasses approximately 416 square miles, a blend of farmland, woodlands, and riverine habitats. The Des Moines River is the dominant feature, providing both transportation and irrigation. While not mountainous, the terrain offers scenic overlooks and a sense of elevation change. The climate is typically continental, with warm, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. The area’s natural beauty is further enhanced by the presence of numerous small lakes and wetlands, providing habitat for a diverse range of wildlife.

Economy & Communities

The county’s economy is rooted in agriculture, with corn, soybeans, and livestock production being major contributors. Burlington, the county seat, is the largest town and serves as a regional commercial and healthcare center. Other towns within the county contribute to the diverse economic landscape. Manufacturing, particularly related to food processing and industrial products, also provides employment opportunities. While agriculture remains vital, there’s a growing emphasis on attracting businesses in the technology and service sectors. Notable employers include agricultural cooperatives, healthcare providers, and manufacturers serving regional and national markets. The character of the area is a blend of rural farmland and small-town community, with Burlington offering a more urban feel while retaining a strong sense of Iowa’s traditional values.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound for visitors and residents alike. Lake Park, a large recreational area, offers opportunities for boating, fishing, and picnicking. Historic Burlington boasts a beautifully preserved downtown area with Victorian architecture and a vibrant arts scene. The Burlington Museum of History offers insights into the county’s rich past. Several annual festivals and events, including the Snake Alley Festival (celebrating the world's most crooked street) and the Burlington Riverfest, draw visitors from across the region. The county is also the birthplace of James W. Rouse, a prominent urban planner and developer. The county holds a unique record as the location of Snake Alley, a remarkably winding and narrow street that has become a beloved local landmark and tourist attraction.