County of new castle

History & Founding

Nestled in the northernmost portion of Delaware, this county holds a rich tapestry of history and a vibrant present. Established in 1680 by William Penn, the same year he received the land charter from King Charles II, it was initially known as New Castle Hundred, a term reflecting the English system of land division. The name itself derives from New Castle, a fortified settlement built by the Dutch and later the Swedes before English control. This original settlement, located across the Delaware River in present-day Delaware City, served as a crucial trading post and defensive point. During the American Revolution, the county played a pivotal role, briefly falling under Hessian control in 1777, a moment vividly remembered as the "Hessian Occupation." Legend has it that a local farmer, cleverly disguised as a Hessian soldier, infiltrated the occupying forces and provided vital intelligence to the Continental Army, aiding in their eventual liberation of the area. The county's strategic location and early development were instrumental in shaping Delaware's identity as a gateway to the northern colonies.

Geography & Landscape

Geographically, the county occupies a diverse landscape. Bordered by Pennsylvania to the north and Maryland to the west, it sits along the Delaware River and Brandywine Creek. The terrain is generally rolling hills, transitioning from fertile river valleys to more wooded areas in the northern regions. The elevation ranges from just above sea level along the river to around 300 feet in the higher elevations. The climate is humid subtropical, characterized by warm, humid summers and mild winters. Notable natural features include the extensive network of waterways that historically facilitated transportation and trade, and the preserved woodlands offering recreational opportunities. The Brandywine Creek State Park is a popular destination, showcasing the natural beauty of the area.

Economy & Communities

The county is a blend of urban, suburban, and rural communities. Wilmington, the county seat, is a significant urban center and the state’s largest city. Other major towns include Newark, Bear, and Middletown, each exhibiting distinct characteristics. Historically, agriculture played a crucial role, with crops like corn, soybeans, and peaches being significant contributors to the local economy. Today, however, the economy is largely driven by industry, particularly chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and financial services. Major employers include DuPont, ChristianaCare Health System, and Bank of America. The area is experiencing significant residential growth, with new housing developments contributing to a dynamic and evolving community. The character of the county is predominantly suburban, with pockets of rural charm still present in the northern and western regions.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound within the county. Hagley Museum and Library, the former DuPont gunpowder mills, offers a fascinating glimpse into the region's industrial past. Winterthur Museum, Garden & Library showcases American decorative arts and features stunning gardens. The Nemours Estate, a French-style mansion and gardens, is another architectural marvel. Numerous parks, including Brandywine Creek State Park and Rockford Park, provide recreational opportunities. The county hosts several festivals throughout the year, celebrating local culture and heritage. Notable residents throughout history have included prominent figures in business, politics, and the arts. The county boasts the distinction of being home to the highest concentration of registered historic districts in Delaware, a testament to its rich and enduring legacy.