County of berkshire

History & Founding

Located in the westernmost corner of Massachusetts, this county holds a unique place within the state’s history and landscape. Established in 1760, it was originally known as Hampshire County’s western precinct, reflecting its initial role as a frontier region. The name "Berkshire" is derived from the Berkshire Hills, a geographic feature dominating the area, although its precise etymological origin remains debated. Some believe it originates from the name of an early settler, Jacob Berckman, while others connect it to the Algonquian word "Barrachare," meaning “great hills.” During the Revolutionary War, the county served as a strategic location, with skirmishes and troop movements occurring within its borders. An interesting anecdote highlights this period: Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys briefly headquartered in present-day Sheffield during their campaigns against British forces, marking a significant moment in the region’s contribution to the fight for independence. The county’s development was intrinsically linked to the expansion of Massachusetts and the westward movement of settlers.

Geography & Landscape

The county’s geography is defined by the rolling Berkshire Hills, part of the broader Appalachian Mountain range. It encompasses 931 square miles, a diverse landscape featuring steep valleys carved by rivers like the Housatonic and Hoosic. Mount Greylock, the highest point in Massachusetts, rises majestically within the county, offering panoramic views. Numerous lakes, including Pontoosuc and Onota, dot the landscape, providing recreational opportunities. The climate is humid continental, characterized by warm, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. The region’s natural beauty has long attracted artists and writers seeking inspiration from its picturesque scenery.

Economy & Communities

Economically, the county is a blend of rural and suburban characteristics. Pittsfield, the county seat, is the largest city and a regional hub for commerce and services. Other significant towns include Great Barrington, Lee, and North Adams. Historically, agriculture played a vital role, with dairy farming and fruit orchards being prominent industries. While agriculture remains important, the economy has diversified. Tourism is a major contributor, drawing visitors to the area's cultural attractions and natural beauty. Manufacturing, particularly in the areas of precision machining and advanced materials, provides employment for many residents. Notable employers include Berkshire Health Systems, a major healthcare provider, and various smaller businesses catering to the tourism and hospitality sectors. The area’s charm and quality of life have also fostered a growing number of remote workers and entrepreneurs.

Points of Interest

The county boasts a rich tapestry of points of interest. The Norman Rockwell Museum in Stockbridge showcases the iconic American illustrator’s work, while Mass MoCA (Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art) in North Adams is a renowned contemporary art destination housed in a former factory complex. Numerous historic sites, including Monument Mountain in Great Barrington, offer glimpses into the region’s past. Tanglewood, the summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, hosts world-class musical performances. The annual Sheepshearing Festival in Sheffield and the Hot Air Balloon Festival in Lee are beloved local traditions. Notable residents have included authors Kurt Vonnegut and William Styron, and the area’s natural beauty has inspired countless artists and musicians. The county holds the distinction of being the smallest county in Massachusetts by population, contributing to its close-knit community feel.