County of new london

History & Founding

Located in southeastern Connecticut, this county holds a rich tapestry of history, diverse landscapes, and a vibrant mix of communities. Established in 1787, it was named for the English city of London, a nod to the significant trade and maritime connections that characterized the region’s early development. The name reflects the importance of London merchants and ships in the area’s colonial economy. Prior to its official designation, the area was part of New Haven County. A fascinating anecdote from its early days recounts a dispute over the county seat, ultimately settled with a compromise that resulted in a rotating system for a brief period, demonstrating the strong local rivalries of the time. The county played a vital role in Connecticut's development as a major shipbuilding center and port, contributing significantly to the state’s economic prosperity during the 19th century.

Geography & Landscape

The county occupies a geographically diverse region of Connecticut. Situated along the southeastern coast, it borders Rhode Island to the east. The terrain is characterized by a mix of rolling hills, coastal plains, and wooded areas. Several rivers, including the Thames, Yantic, and Pawcatuck, flow through the county, providing vital transportation routes and contributing to the region's natural beauty. While not mountainous, the county offers scenic views of Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean. The climate is humid subtropical, with warm, humid summers and mild winters. Notable natural features include sandy beaches, salt marshes, and extensive woodlands. The county’s coastline is particularly significant, shaping its history and economy.

Economy & Communities

The county is comprised of 24 towns and cities, each possessing a unique character. Major towns include New London, Groton, Norwich, and Waterford. Historically, shipbuilding and maritime industries were dominant, but the economy has diversified over time. Today, healthcare, education, tourism, and defense-related industries are significant employers. Groton is home to the U.S. Coast Guard Academy and Electric Boat, a major shipbuilding company. Agriculture remains a small but important part of the economy, with farms producing fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The area presents a mix of urban, suburban, and rural landscapes, with New London and Norwich serving as regional hubs while smaller towns maintain a more rural feel.

Points of Interest

Points of interest abound throughout the county. Fort Griswold State Park in Groton offers a glimpse into Revolutionary War history. The U.S. Coast Guard Academy Museum showcases the service's heritage. Yale’s marine science center in Groton provides opportunities for research and education. The Thames River Heritage Park celebrates the region's maritime history. Numerous festivals and events take place throughout the year, drawing visitors from across the region. Notable residents have included William Backus, a prominent merchant and philanthropist, and Eugene O'Neill, the Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright. The county boasts the distinction of having one of the highest concentrations of maritime heritage sites in the nation, a testament to its enduring connection to the sea.